Headings, Paragraphs, and Text Formatting

Introduction

Welcome to our HTML5+ course! Today, we're going to explore the building blocks of web pages: headings, paragraphs, and text formatting. These elements help structure your website and make your content readable and visually appealing. Whether you're creating a blog or a personal website, knowing how to properly use headings and paragraphs is essential!

What are Headings?

Headings are crucial for organizing content on a webpage. They help readers quickly grasp the structure of your content. HTML provides six levels of headings, from <h1> to <h6>. Each heading level indicates the hierarchy of the content.

Step-by-Step Explanation of Headings:

1Use<h1>for the Main Title

You should use one <h1> per page — usually the title of your page or the main topic.

<h1>Welcome to My Website</h1>

2Use<h2>for Subtitles

Use <h2> for sections under the main title.

<h2>About Me</h2>

3Using Lower Levels

Use <h3>, <h4>, etc., to create further sub-sections. This helps in structuring information in a clean way.

<h3>My Hobbies</h3>
<h4>Reading</h4>

What are Paragraphs?

Paragraphs are used to group sentences together to form ideas or information on the webpage. In HTML, you can create a paragraph by wrapping text in the <p> tag.

Step-by-Step Explanation of Paragraphs:

1Creating a Paragraph

Use the <p> tag to define a paragraph.

<p>This is my first paragraph on my website. It contains some interesting information!</p>

2Multiple Paragraphs

You can create multiple paragraphs by using <p> tags for each chunk of text.

<p>This is the first paragraph.</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph that adds more information.</p>

Text Formatting

Sometimes, you may want to emphasize certain parts of your text or change how it looks. HTML provides several tags for text formatting.

Common Text Formatting Tags:

1Bold Text

Use the <strong> tag for strong importance, which typically renders as bold text.

<strong>This text is bold!</strong>

2Italic Text

Use the <em> tag for emphasis, which typically renders as italic text.

<em>This text is italic!</em>

3Strikethrough Text

You can use the <del> tag for text that has been deleted or is no longer relevant.

<del>This text is struck through.</del>

4Highlighted Text

Use the <mark> tag to highlight text.

<mark>This text is highlighted!</mark>

Real HTML5+ Code Example

Here's how you might combine headings, paragraphs, and formatting into a simple webpage:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>My Awesome Web Page</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to My Awesome Web Page</h1>
    <h2>About Me</h2>
    <p>Hi! I'm a web developer who loves <strong>coding</strong> and <em>designing</em> amazing websites!</p>
    
    <h2>My Hobbies</h2>
    <h3>Reading</h3>
    <p>I enjoy reading a variety of genres. My favorite books often include <mark>fantasy</mark> and <mark>sci-fi</mark>.</p>
    <h3>Traveling</h3>
    <p>Traveling is a way for me to experience new cultures. My last trip to <del>Paris</del> was unforgettable!</p>
</body>
</html>

Practical Exercises 💡

Exercise 1: Create Your Own Webpage

Create a new HTML file called my_webpage.html.
Add an <h1> tag for your page title.
Write a short paragraph about yourself using multiple <p> tags.
Add at least two <h2> headers for different sections (like hobbies, favorite foods, etc.).
Incorporate text formatting by bolding and italicizing some of your text.

Exercise 2: Composing a Short Story

Create another HTML file called my_story.html.
Use an <h1> tag to title your story.
Use <h2> for chapters or sections in your story.
Incorporate at least three paragraphs, using bold, italic, and strikethrough text where appropriate.
Style your story in a way that makes it easy to read and engaging!

Recap

Today, we learned how to use headings, paragraphs, and text formatting to structure and enhance your web content. Remember, using the right headings helps readers navigate your content efficiently, while paragraphs provide clarity. By using text formatting, you can draw attention to important information.

Keep practicing these skills to create beautiful and organized web pages. Great job tod

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